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Earth in the Universe

 In this unit, we will be learning about how our planet’s movement affects us. We will explore the causes of day and night, as well as changes in the seasons. We will also discuss Earth’s moon and observe how its appearance in the sky changes in a consistent pattern known as a lunar cycle.

Select a Lesson

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Lesson 1: The Cycle of Day and Night

Lesson 2: Earth's Movement Around the Sun

Lesson 2: Earth's Movement Around the Sun

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Lesson 2: Earth's Movement Around the Sun

Lesson 2: Earth's Movement Around the Sun

Lesson 2: Earth's Movement Around the Sun

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Lesson 3: Earth's Moon

Lesson 4: Phases of the Moon

Lesson 4: Phases of the Moon

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Lesson 4: Phases of the Moon

Lesson 4: Phases of the Moon

Lesson 4: Phases of the Moon

Lesson 1: The Cycle of Day and Night

 Day and night occur because of Earth’s rotation. Every 24 hours the earth rotates, or spins on its axis, once. This axis is an imaginary line through the earth between the North Pole and South Pole. As the earth rotates, different areas of its surface will face toward or away from the sun. The part of earth facing the sun will have daylight, while the part facing away from the sun will have night. 

Lesson 1 Labs and Activities

Day and Night Cycles

Making a Sundial

Lesson 1 Notes and Lab Sheets

Lesson 1: Day and Night (pptx)

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Lesson 1: Day and Night (pdf)

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Lesson 2: Earth's Movement Around the Sun

In addition to rotating on its axis, Earth is also constantly moving in an elliptical orbit around the sun. Because Earth’s axis is tilted, the northern and southern hemispheres will either be tilted toward or away from the sun. As one hemisphere tilts directly toward the sun, that hemisphere will experience summer, while the other hemisphere experiences winter. 

Lesson 2 Notes and Lab Sheets

Lesson 2: Earth's Movement (pptx)

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Lesson 2: Earth's Movement (pdf)

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Lesson 3: Earth's Moon

 The moon is our planet’s only natural satellite, and it revolves around the earth approximately every 28 days. Despite its barren, lifeless appearance, the moon has many interesting physical features. Unlike our planet, the moon has no atmosphere, so it is unable to support life. Its lack of an atmosphere also makes it more vulnerable to being struck by asteroids, meteorites, and other objects from space. 

Lesson 3 Labs and Activities

 We learned how the Moon's surface is covered with craters which are caused by impacts from objects from space. In this activity we create a lunar surface using flour and chocolate drink mix, and we see how craters are formed. 

Lesson 3 Notes and Lab Sheets

Lesson 3: Earth's Moon (pptx)

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Lesson 3: Earth's Moon (pdf)

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Lesson 4: Phases of the Moon

As the moon revolves around the Earth, its appearance in the sky changes. This lesson explores these changes in appearance, also known as moon phases. Although one half of the moon is always illuminated by the sun, the moon’s position in its orbit determines the amount of the illuminated portion that we see. 

Lesson 4 Labs and Activities

 Special guest Sam Cole from Anson County 4H presents an Oreo Moon Phases activity during our 4th grade Zoom meeting. This activity is a great way for students to see the changes in the appearance of moon over the lunar cycle. 

Lesson 4: Notes and Lab Sheets

Lesson 4: Phases of the Moon (pptx)

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Lesson 4: Phases of the Moon (pdf)

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Lab Sheet: Moon Journal (pdf)

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